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The final SAS-2 standard was approved and became an industry standard early last year (Date: 2009/04/18, Rev: 16, Status: Published, Project: 1760-D). During the process of approving SAS-2 three additional standards were developed: 1) SAS Protocol Layer (SPL) which defines all SAS protocol layers from the Application layer to the Phy layer, 2) SAS-2.1 which defines the hardware used to connect devices both internally and externally, and finally 3) the SAS-3 standard which will define 12Gb SAS. When evaluating in-depth training it is important to consider that the materials and instructors are up to date on the most recent and latest technology. The documentation that you will receive when attending this course was completed in May 2010 and reflects the most recent draft versions of the standards. Our course developer and instructor frequently attends the T10 meetings.
This class examines and explores in detail the operation of SAS at all architectural levels. It takes you on a journey from the beginnings of SAS, through the detailed technical aspects of the architecture, and into the future of the technology. You will learn how SAS utilizes SCSI commands, which SCSI commands have changed, and what has changed in those commands. If you are an implementer, this provides important information that will assist you in the design, development and testing of SAS-based storage solutions. In addition, the Management Application layer is covered so that you will be able to design and implement your own management application client (MAC) in your host or self-configuring expander and your management device server (MDS) in a managed device.
In addition to learning how each layer of the SAS architecture works, you will learn about the latest in HD connector technology, how optical can be implemented, how zoning works and its impact on the configuration, how a topology with self-configuring expanders discovers and configures a SAS domain, and how to read analyzer traces.
You will also learn essential information about the operation of each of the different SAS protocols (SSP, STP, SMP), the format and structure of each of the SAS information units, Out-of-Band (OOB) signaling, resets, speed negotiation, multiplexing, how devices are interconnected in typical configurations, electrical design considerations like pre-emphasis and equalization, and the different cabling alternatives including untrained passive, trained passive and trained active cabling.
This seminar is designed for the developer and engineer; the person who has to design, develop, architect, program, test, support, or troubleshoot SAS configurations or products.
Course Outline
Introduction to SAS
• What is Serial Attached SCSI?
• Why Serial Attached SCSI?
• Evolution of SAS Standards
• SAS Roadmap
• The SAS and SCSI Architectures
• SAS Expander Devices & Ports
• Logical links and multiplexing
• SAS Names and Addresses
• SAS Port & PHY Identifiers
• SAS Structure and Protocol Layers
SAS Connections and Protocols
• Serial SCSI Protocol (SSP)
• Serial Management Protocol (SMP)
• SATA Tunneled Protocol (STP)
SAS Configurations
• Simple Internal Configuration
• Wide Port Configurations
• External JBOD Configuration
• Daisy Chaining Enclosures
• RAID Enclosure
• Expanders
o Expander Routing Methods
o Expander Functions
SAS Service Delivery Subsystem
• SAS Physical Links
• 8b10b Encoding
• Dwords and Primitives
• Frame Transmission
• Out-of-Band Signaling (OOB)
• Speed Negotiation
• SAS & SATA Resets
• Device Identification
• Pathways & Connections
o Wide Ports and Multiple Connections
o Partial Pathway
o Blocked Partial Pathways and Deadlock
• Zoning basics
SAS and SCSI Standards
• SCSI Architecture Model
• SCSI Initiator/Target/Logical Unit Model
• Device Server & Task Manager
• Task Set (Queue) & SCSI Nexus
• SCSI Command Descriptor Block (CDB)
• Task Attribute (Queue Type)
• Autosense Request
o SCSI Status & Sense Data
• Task Management Functions
SCSI Application Items Affected By SAS
• Mode pages
o Disconnect-Reconnect
o Protocol-Specific Logical Unit
o Protocol-Specific Port
o PHY Control And Discover
o Shared Port Control
o Enhanced PHY Control
• Protocol-Specific Log page
• Protocol-Specific diagnostic page
SSP Transport Layer
• SCSI Transport Protocol Services
• SSP Information Units
• SSP Frame Format
o COMMAND, TASK, XFER_RDY, DATA, & RESPONSE frames
SSP Link Layer
• SSP Frame Characteristics
• SSP Flow Control & Frame Acknowledgement
• Closing an SSP Connection
• DONE Primitives
SSP Frame or Protocol Error Handling
• SCSI Application Layer Error Handling
• SSP Transport Layer Handling
o With and without retries
• COMMAND, XFER_RDY, DATA, RESPONSE, & TASK Errors
Serial Management Protocol (SMP)
• SMP Overview
• Management Components
o Management application client
o Management device server
o SMP Initiator & Target
o Managed Elements
• SMP Link Layer Characteristics
• SMP frame format
SMP Functions
• SMP function usage
• Function Results
• Discovery functions
Discovery and Configuration Process
• Discovery process overview
o Starting the discover process (Broadcast (Change) handling)
o Discover process traversal
o Discovery process completion
o Configuration sub-process
o Allowed topologies
• Discovery process
o PHY information tables
o Configuring Route tables
o PHY-based ERT
o Expander-based ERT
o Self-configuring expanders
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STP Transport and Link Layers
• SATA Primitives & Frame Characteristics
• SATA Flow Control
• STP Connections
• STP Affiliations
• SATA Port Multiplier & Port Selector
Port Layer
Primitives
• Primitives, Notations & Characteristics
• Single, Repeated, Triple and Extended Primitive
Sequence
• Primitive tables & descriptions
Clock Skew and Scrambling
• ALIGN/NOTIFY Insertion & Elasticity Buffer
• Idle Physical Links
• Scrambling & Cyclic Redundancy Check (CRC)
Address Frames
• IDENTIFY Address Frame
• OPEN Address Frame
Identification and Hard Reset
• SAS Hard Reset Sequence
• SAS Initiator & Expander Device Rules
Connections
• Connection Setup
• Arbitration Wait Time (AWT)
• Open Timeout Timer
• Arbitration in Progress (AIP)
• OPEN_ACCEPT & OPEN_REJECT
• Closing a Connection (CLOSE)
• BREAK
Expanders
• Expander structure, ports and PHYs
• ECM: Expander Connection Manager
• ECR: Expander Connection Router
• BPP: Broadcast Propagation Processor
• SAS to SATA Bridges
• Self-configuring expanders
• Expander Addressing
• Expander Routing
Zoning
• Zone Groups & Zone Permission Table
• Zoning Expander Route Table
• Expander Zoning Enforcement
• Zoning PHY Information
• Zoning Configuration
o Lock, Load, Activate, & Unlock Phases
Encoding and serialization
• SAS and SATA Byte Ordering
• Encoding & 8b10b Description
• Why Encode the Data?
• Running Disparity
• Data and Special Characters
• 8b10b Bit and Byte Notation
• 8b10b Special Character Encoding
• Comma Pattern
• 8b10b Error Detection
o Code Violation Errors
o Disparity Errors
Out-of-Band (OOB) Signaling
• OOB Signal Timing Requirements
• Out-of-Band Signal Detection
Resets & Speed Negotiation
• PHY Reset Sequences Overview
• SAS Speed Negotiation
o SNW-1, SNW-2 and Final-SNW
o SNW-3 PHY Capability Bits
• Train-SNW
• Hot Plug Detection
• SATA PHY Speed Negotiation
• SATA Speed Negotiation Timings
Rate Matching and Multiplexing
Cables and Connectors
• Connectors & Connector categories
• SAS/SATA drive connectors
• Micro SAS & SAS/SATA
• Internal SAS cabling
o Mini SAS 4i connectors
o Mini SAS HD 4i & 8i
• External SAS connectors
o SAS-2 & SAS-1 external cabling and connectors
o Mini SAS keying characteristics
o Mini SAS HD external cabling
o Mini SAS HD 4x, 8x, & 16x cable plug connector
• SAS Advanced connectivity roadmap
• Managed interconnects
• Hot-Plug Considerations
• SAS Icons
Transmitters and Receivers
• SAS Physical Link
• Differential Signaling
• Jitter
• The Eye Diagram or Mask
• Cable and Connector Losses
• Transmitter Pre-Emphasis
• Receiver Equalization
• SAS Extended Distance Considerations
To view/download a PDF version
of the
Table of Contents of the document for this
course, click
the link below:
SAS2.1 Table of
Contents
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| Who Should Attend: |
This in-depth technical seminar is targeted towards hardware and software engineers involved in the design, development, integration, deployment, test, and maintenance of Serial Attached SCSI storage devices, storage subsystems and servers. |
| Prerequisites: |
The attendee should have previous experience or training with the SCSI architecture and command behavior. While this course has provides an overview of SCSI operation, having a prior understanding SCSI will make the course easier. Due to the similarities between the interfaces, a prior understanding of Fibre Channel will greatly assist you in understanding SAS. |
| Course Length: |
4 days (recommended) or 3 days |
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